中頻爐功率因數

中(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)爐(lu)(lu)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因數最基本解釋：中(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)爐(lu)(lu)作(zuo)舉例(li)：功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)為(wei)100個單(dan)位，也就是說，有100個單(dan)位的(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)輸(shu)送到(dao)中(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)。然(ran)(ran)而，因大(da)部(bu)分(fen)電(dian)器系統存(cun)在(zai)固(gu)有的(de)無功(gong)(gong)損耗(hao)，只能使用(yong)70個單(dan)位的(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)。很不幸，雖然(ran)(ran)僅(jin)僅(jin)使用(yong)70個單(dan)位，卻要付(fu)100個單(dan)位的(de)費用(yong)。在(zai)這個例(li)子中(zhong)，功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因數是0.7 (如果大(da)部(bu)分(fen)中(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)爐(lu)(lu)的(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因數小于0.9時，將被罰款)，這種無功(gong)(gong)損耗(hao)主要存(cun)在(zai)于電(dian)機中(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)(pin)爐(lu)(lu)中(zhong)(如鼓風(feng)機、抽水機、壓縮機等)，又叫感(gan)性負載。功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)因數是馬達效能的(de)計量標準。

  中頻爐功(gong)(gong)率(lv)因(yin)數(shu)(shu)基(ji)本解釋：每種電機系統(tong)(tong)均消耗兩大(da)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)，分別(bie)是(shi)真(zhen)正的有用功(gong)(gong)(叫(jiao)千瓦)及電抗性的無用功(gong)(gong)。功(gong)(gong)率(lv)因(yin)數(shu)(shu)是(shi)有用功(gong)(gong)與總(zong)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)間(jian)的比率(lv)。功(gong)(gong)率(lv)因(yin)數(shu)(shu)越(yue)高，有用功(gong)(gong)與總(zong)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)間(jian)的比率(lv)便越(yue)高，系統(tong)(tong)運行(xing)則更有效率(lv)。

  中頻爐功(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數(shu)高級解釋：在感性負載電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，電(dian)(dian)流波形峰(feng)值(zhi)在電(dian)(dian)壓波形峰(feng)值(zhi)之后(hou)發(fa)生(sheng)。兩(liang)種波形峰(feng)值(zhi)的分隔可用功(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數(shu)表示。功(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數(shu)越低，兩(liang)個波形峰(feng)值(zhi)則分隔越大(da)。保(bao)爾金能使兩(liang)個峰(feng)值(zhi)重新接近在一(yi)起，從(cong)而提(ti)高系統運(yun)行效率(lv)(lv)。

  功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)是(shi)(shi)交流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要技術數(shu)據之(zhi)(zhi)一。功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高低，對于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣中頻爐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利用率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)和(he)分析(xi)、研究(jiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能消耗等(deng)問題(ti)都有十分重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)。所謂功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)，是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)任(ren)意二(er)端(duan)(duan)網絡(luo)（與外界有二(er)個接點的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)）兩端(duan)(duan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)U與其(qi)中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流I之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位相(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)余弦 。在二(er)端(duan)(duan)網絡(luo)中消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)是(shi)(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)平均功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，也(ye)稱為(wei)(wei)有功(gong)(gong)(gong)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)，它等(deng)于(yu):P=UIcosΦ，由此可以(yi)看出，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中消耗的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)P，不(bu)僅取(qu)決于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)V與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流I的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大小，還與功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)有關。而功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大小，取(qu)決于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中負載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性(xing)質。對于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻性(xing)負載(zai)，其(qi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位相(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)為(wei)(wei)0，因(yin)(yin)此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)**（）；而純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位相(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)為(wei)(wei)π／2，并且(qie)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)超前(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流；在純電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位相(xiang)(xiang)差(cha)則(ze)為(wei)(wei)－（π／2），即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流超前(qian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。在后兩種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)中，功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)都為(wei)(wei)0。對于(yu)一般性(xing)負載(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)因(yin)(yin)數(shu)就介于(yu)0與1之(zhi)(zhi)間。

  一(yi)(yi)般來說(shuo)，在(zai)二端(duan)網絡中，提高用(yong)電(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)功率(lv)因(yin)數有兩方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)意義，一(yi)(yi)是(shi)(shi)可以減(jian)小輸電(dian)線路(lu)上的(de)(de)功率(lv)損失；二是(shi)(shi)可以充(chong)分(fen)發(fa)揮(hui)電(dian)力(li)中頻爐（如發(fa)電(dian)機、變壓器(qi)等）的(de)(de)潛力(li)。因(yin)為用(yong)電(dian)器(qi)總是(shi)(shi)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)定電(dian)壓U和一(yi)(yi)定有功功率(lv)P的(de)(de)條(tiao)件下工作(zuo)，由公式 I=P/UcosΦ

  可知，功率因數(shu)過低，就要用(yong)較大(da)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)來保障用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)正(zheng)常工作，與此(ci)同時輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)上(shang)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大(da)，從而導致線路(lu)上(shang)焦耳熱(re)損耗增(zeng)大(da)。另，在輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻上(shang)及(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的內組上(shang)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降，都(dou)與用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)中(zhong)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)成正(zheng)比，增(zeng)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)必然增(zeng)大(da)在輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源內部的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓損失(shi)。因此(ci)，提(ti)高用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的功率因數(shu)，可以減小(xiao)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，進(jin)而減小(xiao)了輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路(lu)上(shang)的功率損失(shi)。

提高(gao)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)因(yin)數提高(gao)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)因(yin)數，可以充(chong)分發揮電(dian)力(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐的(de)(de)(de)潛力(li)(li)，這也(ye)不難(nan)理解。因(yin)為任何電(dian)力(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐，工作時(shi)總(zong)是(shi)在一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)和額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)電(dian)流(liu)限度內(nei)(nei)。工作電(dian)壓(ya)超過(guo)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值，會威脅中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐的(de)(de)(de)絕緣性能(neng)；工作電(dian)流(liu)超過(guo)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值，會使(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐內(nei)(nei)部溫度升得過(guo)高(gao)，從而降低了(le)中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用壽命。對(dui)于電(dian)力(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐，電(dian)壓(ya)與(yu)電(dian)流(liu)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)值的(de)(de)(de)乘積，稱為這臺(tai)中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐的(de)(de)(de)額(e)(e)定(ding)(ding)(ding)視在功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)S額(e)(e)即(ji)S額(e)(e)＝U額(e)(e)I額(e)(e)， 也(ye)稱它為中(zhong)(zhong)頻(pin)(pin)(pin)爐的(de)(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)量，對(dui)于發電(dian)機(ji)來說，這個容(rong)(rong)量就是(shi)發電(dian)機(ji)可能(neng)輸出的(de)(de)(de)**功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)，它標(biao)志著發電(dian)機(ji)的(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)潛力(li)(li)，至于發電(dian)機(ji)實際輸出多(duo)大功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)，就跟(gen)用電(dian)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)因(yin)數有關，用電(dian)器(qi)消耗的(de)(de)(de)功(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)為P=S額(e)(e)cosΦ

  功率因數高，表示有功功率占額定視在功率的比例大，發電機輸出的電能被充分地利用了。例如，發電機的容量若為15000千伏安，當電力系統的功率因數由0．6提高到0．8時，就可以使發電機實際發電能力提高3000千瓦，這不正是發揮了發電機的潛力嗎？中頻爐的利用也更合理。從這個角度來講，功率因數可以表示為有功功率與機在功率的比值，即   cosΦ=P/S額。如今串聯一拖二中頻爐功率因數大于或等于0.95以上。西(xi)安藍輝科技股份(fen)有(you)限公司是一家專業從事(shi)：串聯一拖二，中頻(pin)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)底(di)注爐(lu)(lu)(lu)，中頻(pin)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)，中頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)，中頻(pin)真(zhen)空爐(lu)(lu)(lu)，中頻(pin)爐(lu)(lu)(lu)燒結爐(lu)(lu)(lu)，中頻(pin)感應加(jia)(jia)熱爐(lu)(lu)(lu)等中高(gao)頻(pin)感應加(jia)(jia)熱的專業生產制造(zao)商，歡迎來(lai)電(dian)(dian)咨詢！